By ProDev Teach | Updated May 2025
???? Meaning & Usage
The grammar pattern ~ないで is used to express “without doing (something)” or “don’t do (something) and…”. It connects two actions, where the first one is intentionally not done.
Formation:
- Verb (ない-form) + で
Translation: without doing, don’t (do A), and (do B)
Type: Negative conjunctive form
???? Example Sentences
- あさごはんを たべないで、がっこうに いきました。
I went to school without eating breakfast. - くつを ぬがないで へやに はいらないでください。
Please don’t enter the room without taking off your shoes. - なにも いわないで、でていった。
He left without saying anything. - テレビを みないで、べんきょうしなさい。
Don’t watch TV. Study instead.
???? Grammar Notes
- Use the negative (ない-form) of a verb, followed by で.
- It expresses either “without doing A” or “don’t do A and do B instead.”
- Commonly used in instructions or explanations.
- Different from ~なくて, which focuses more on cause/reason.
???? Practice Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks with ないで
- はを ______ ねないでください。
- かさを ______ でかけた。
- くすりを ______ よくなった。
✔ Answers:
- みがかないで
- ささないで
- のまないで
2. Translate into Japanese using ~ないで
- Please don’t sleep without brushing your teeth.
- I went out without an umbrella.
✔ Sample Answers:
- はをみがかないで、ねないでください。
- かさをささないで、でかけました。
???? Vocabulary List
- あさごはん(朝ごはん) – breakfast
- がっこう(学校) – school
- ぬぐ(脱ぐ) – to take off (clothes, shoes)
- いわない(言わない) – to not say
- みる(見る) – to watch
- べんきょうする(勉強する) – to study
???? Kanji List
- 朝(あさ) – morning
- 学校(がっこう) – school
学: study | 校: school - 脱ぐ(ぬぐ) – to take off
脱: remove, escape - 言う(いう) – to say
言: say, word - 勉強(べんきょう) – study
勉: exertion | 強: strong
???? Related Grammar
- ~ないでください: Please don’t do…
- ~なくて: Not doing and… (used for cause/reason)
- ~たあとで: After doing…
???? Summary
- Meaning: Without doing A, don’t do A and do B
- Form: Verb (ない-form) + で
- Use: Daily conversation, instructions, descriptions
- Level: JLPT N5
???? Related Grammar & Vocabulary
- JLPT N5 Grammar List – 60 Essential Grammar Points
- ませんか – would you; shall we
- ましょう – let’s; shall we
- ましょうか – shall I; offering help
- も – also; too
- もう – already; again; anymore
- な-adjectives – na-adjectives
- なあ – sentence-ending particle (emotion)
- ないでください – please don’t do
- ないといけない – must do
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I’m a software engineer based in Japan, with experience in developing web and mobile applications. I’m passionate about technology, especially in DevOps, AI, and app development using platforms like AWS, Flutter, and Node.js. My goal is to build a website that shares knowledge about the Japanese language and IT, helping everyone learn and grow more easily in the digital era.