JLPT N5 Grammar List – 60 Essential Patterns for Beginners

???? Grammar List Table

NoGrammar Lesson文法レッスンGrammar Meaning
1cha ikenai / ja ikenaiちゃいけない・じゃいけないmust not do (spoken Japanese)
2da / desuだ / ですto be (am, is, are, were, used to)
3dakeだけonly; just; as much as
4darouだろうI think; it seems; probably; right?
5dein; at; on; by; with; via
6demoでもbut; however; though
7deshouでしょうI think; it seems; probably; right?
8donnaどんなwhat kind of; what sort of
9doushiteどうしてwhy; for what reason; how
10douyatteどうやってhow; in what way; by what means
11gasubject marker; however; but
12ga arimasuがありますthere is; is (non-living things)
13ga hoshiiがほしいto want something
14ga imasuがいますthere is; to be; is (living things)
15hou ga iiほうがいいhad better; should
16i-adjectivesい-adjectivesi-adjectives
17ichiban一番(いちばん)the most; the best
18issho ni一緒に(いっしょに)together
19itsumoいつもalways; usually; habitually
20janai / dewa naiじゃない・ではないto not be
21kaquestion particle
22ka~kaか~かor
23karaからbecause; since; from
24kata方(かた)how to do something
25kedoけどbut; although
26keredo moけれどもbut; however
27madaまだstill; not yet
28mada ~te imasenまだ~ていませんhave not yet ~
29madeまでuntil; to; even
30mae ni前に(まえに)before; in front of
31masen kaませんかwould you; shall we
32mashouましょうlet’s; shall we
33mashoukaましょうかshall I; offering help
34moalso; too
35mouもうalready; again; anymore
36na-adjectivesな-adjectivesna-adjectives
37naaなあsentence-ending particle (emotion)
38naideないでwithout doing
39naide kudasaiないでくださいplease don’t do
40naito ikenaiないといけないmust do
41nidirection; time; target
42ni naruになるto become
43ni suruにするto decide on; make it ~
44nopossessive; explanation
45noun + no + nounnoun modifier
46oobject marker
47onegai shimasuお願いしますplease (polite request)
48shiranai知らないdon’t know
49sou desuそうですthat’s right; I heard that ~
50sou ni naruそうになるalmost did; on the verge of
51sou omoimasuそう思いますI think so
52soudaそうだI heard that
53ta formた-formpast tense; completed action
54te formて-formconnects actions; request form
55te kudasaiてくださいplease do ~
56toand; with; if/when
57tokoroところabout to; in the middle of
58tokiときwhen
59watopic marker
60yokuよくoften; well
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