JLPT N4 Grammar List -

JLPT N4 Grammar List – Complete Guide for JLPT N4

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Welcome! This page contains a full collection of Japanese grammar points that are often tested on the JLPT N4 exam.

Click on each lesson to view detailed explanations, example sentences, conjugation rules, and practical tips.

You must also review grammar from N5 to succeed.

132+ Grammar Lessons

N4 JLPT Level

Intermediate Difficulty

🎯 Pro Tip: Click on any lesson link to explore grammar structures, usage, and examples for effective practice.

#	Grammar Lesson	文法レッスン	Grammar Meaning
1	aida	間（あいだ）	while; during; between ~
2	aida ni	間に（あいだに）	while; during~ something happened
3	amari~nai	あまり～ない	not very, not much ~
4	ato de	後で（あとで）	after~; later
5	ba	ば	conditional form; If [A] then [B]
6	baai wa	場合は（ばあいは）	in the event of; in the case that ~
7	bakari	ばかり	only; nothing but ~
8	dake de	だけで	just by; just by doing
9	dasu	出す（だす）	to begin to; to start to; to burst into; ... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out)
10	de gozaimasu	でございます	to be (honorific)
11	demo	でも	... or something; how about~
12	dewa nai ka	ではないか	right?; isn't it?
13	ga hitsuyou	が必要（がひつよう）	need; necessary
14	ga suru	がする	to smell; hear; taste
15	gari	がり	personality (someone tends to; has a tendency to; has a sensitivity to ~)
16	garu / gatteiru	がる / がっている	to show signs of; to appear; to feel, to think ~
17	gozaimasu	ございます	to be, to exist (the polite form of いる/ある)
18	hajimeru	始める（はじめる）	to start; to begin to ~
19	hazu da	はずだ	it must be; it should be (expectation)

20	hazu ga nai	はずがない	cannot be (impossible)
21	hitsuyou ga aru	必要がある（ひつようがある）	need to; it is necessary to
22	ikou kei - volitional form	意向形（いこうけい）	volitional form ; let's do ~
23	irassharu	いらっしゃる	to be; to come; to go (polite version)
24	itashimasu	いたします	to do (polite form of する)
25	janai ka	じゃないか	right? isn't it? let's~; confirmation
26	ka dou ka	かどうか	whether or not ~
27	ka shira	かしら	I wonder (feminine)
28	kai	かい	turns a sentence into a yes/no question
29	kamo shirenai	かもしれない	might; perhaps; indicates possibility
30	kana	かな	I wonder; should I?
31	kara tsukuru	から作る（からつくる）	made from; made with
32	kitto	きっと	surely; undoubtedly; almost certainly; most likely
33	koro / goro	頃（ころ / ごろ）	around; about; when
34	koto	こと	Verb nominalizer
35	koto ga aru	ことがある	there are times when
36	koto ga dekiru	ことができる	can; able to
37	koto ni naru	ことになる	It has been decided that..; it turns out that..
38	koto ni suru	ことにする	to decide on
39	ku suru	くする	to make something ~
40	kyuu ni	急に（きゅうに）	quickly; immediately; hastily; suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly ~
41	made ni	までに	by; by the time; indicates time limit
42	mama	まま	as it is; current state; without changing
43	matawa	または	both; or; otherwise ; choice between [A] or [B]
44	mitai da	みたいだ	like; similar to; resembling ~
45	mitai na	みたいな	like, similar to ~
46	mitai ni	みたいに	like; similar to ~
47	mo	も	as many as; as much as; up to; nearly ~
48	na	な	don’t ~ (order somebody to not do something)
49	nado	など	such as; things like ~
50	nagara	ながら	while; during; as; simultaneously
51	nakanaka~nai	なかなか～ない	not easy to; struggling to; not able to ~
52	nakereba ikenai	なければいけない	must do something; have to do something
53	nakereba naranai	なければならない	must do something; have to do something
54	nara	なら	if; in the case that ~
55	nasai	なさい	do this (soft/firm command)
56	nasaru	なさる	to do (honorific)
57	ni ki ga tsuku	に気がつく（にきがつく）	to notice; to realize
58	ni mieru	に見える（にみえる）	to look; to seem; to appear
59	ni suru	にする	to make something ~
60	nikui	にくい	difficult to do ~
61	no naka de	の中で（のなかで）	in; among ~
62	noni	のに	although, in spite of, even though ~
63	noni	のに	to (do something); in order to ~
64	nowa~da	のは〜だ	[A] is [B]; the reason for [A] is [B]
65	o~kudasai	お～ください	please do ~ (honorific)
66	o~ni naru	お～になる	to do (honorific)
67	oki ni	おきに	repeated at intervals, every ~
68	owaru	終わる（おわる）	to finish; to end~
69	rareru	られる	potential form; ability or inability to do something
70	rashii	らしい	it seems like; I heard; apparently ~
71	sa	さ	-ness ; nominalizer for adjective
72	sakki	さっき	some time ago; just now
73	saserareru	させられる	causative-passive; to be made to do something
74	saseru	させる	causative form; to make/let somebody do something
75	sasete kudasai	させてください	please let me do
76	sasuga	さすが	as one would expect; as is to be expected; even ~
77	shi	し	and; and what’s more ~ (emphasis)
78	sonna ni	そんなに	so much; so; like that
79	sore demo	それでも	but still; and yet; even so ~
80	sore ni	それに	besides; in addition; also; moreover ~
81	sou da [1]	そうだ	I heard that; it is said that ~
82	sou da [2]	そうだ	looks like; appears like; seeming ~
83	sou ni / sou na	そうに / そうな	seems like; looks like ~
84	ta bakari	たばかり	just finished; something just occurred
85	ta tokoro	たところ	just finished doing, was just doing
86	tadoushi & jidoushi	他動詞 & 自動詞（たどうし & じどうし）	Transitive & Intransitive Verbs
87	tagaru	たがる	wants to do ~ (third person)
88	tara	たら	if; after; when ~
89	tara dou	たらどう	why don't you; how about ~ (used to give advice)
90	tara ii desu ka	たらいいですか	what should I do?; speaker seeking instructions from listener
91	te / de	て / で	conjunctive particle; so; because of [A], [B]...
92	te ageru	てあげる	to do for; to do a favor
93	te hoshii	てほしい	I want you to; need you to ~
94	te iku	ていく	to start; to continue; to go on
95	te ita	ていた	was doing something (past continuous)
96	te itadakemasen ka	ていただけませんか	could you please ~
97	te kureru	てくれる	to do a favor; do something for someone
98	te kuru	てくる	to do… and come back; to become; to continue; to start ~
99	te miru	てみる	try doing
100	te morau	てもらう	to get somebody to do something
101	te oku	ておく	to do something in advance
102	te shimau / chau	てしまう / ちゃう	to do something by accident, to finish completely
103	te sumimasen	てすみません	I’m sorry for
104	te yaru	てやる	to do for; to do a favor (casual)
105	te yokatta	てよかった	I’m glad that ~
106	teiru tokoro	ているところ	in the process of doing
107	temo	ても	even; even if; even though ~
108	to	と	whenever [A] happens, [B] also happens
109	to ittemo ii	と言ってもいい（といってもいい）	you could say; one might say; I'd say ~
110	to iu	という	called; named; that ~
111	to iu koto	ということ	convert phrase into noun
112	to iwarete iru	と言われている（といわれている）	it is said that ~
113	to kiita	と聞いた（ときいた）	I heard...
114	to omou	と思う（とおもう）	to think…; I think…; you think…
115	toka~toka	とか～とか	among other things; such as; like ~
116	tokoro	ところ	just about to; on the verge of doing something
117	tsuzukeru	続ける（つづける）	continue to; keen on ~
118	tte	って	named; called ~
119	ukemi kei	受身形（うけみけい）	passive form; passive voice
120	wa~ga... wa	は〜が… は	[A] but [B]; however; comparison
121	yasui	やすい	easy to; likely to; prone to; have a tendency to ~
122	yatto	やっと	at last; finally; barely; narrowly ~
123	yori	より	than; rather than; more than ~
124	yotei da	予定だ（よていだ）	plan to, intend to
125	you da	ようだ	appears; seems; looks as if ~
126	you ni / you na	ように / ような	like; as; similar to ~
127	you ni naru	ようになる	to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into ~
128	you ni suru	ようにする	to try to; to make sure that ~
129	you to omou	ようと思う（ようとおもう）	thinking of doing; planning to ~
130	zehi	ぜひ	by all means; certainly; definitely ~
131	zenzen~nai	全然～ない（ぜんぜん～ない）	(not) at all
132	zurai	づらい	difficult to do ~