✨ Basic Meaning
🎯 Primary Function
📋 Grammar Structure
🎭 Usage Contexts
Common in reports, news, and formal presentations to sound objective.
Used frequently when complaining about something someone did to you.
Highly common in literature and academic writing to describe historical facts.
Often used in the ‘suffering passive’ context to express annoyance.
💡 Common Applications
📌 Important Points
⚠️ Common Mistakes
🏛️ Cultural Context
🔍 Subtle Differences
📝 Conjugation Notes
For Group 2 verbs, the passive form (rareru) is identical to the potential form. Context is required to distinguish between ‘can eat’ and ‘is eaten’.
🔊 Pronunciation Tips
In Group 2 (rareru), the ‘ra’ is often dropped in casual speech (called ‘ra-nuki’ kotoba), but for exams, always use the full ‘rareru’.
🧠 Memory Tips
Think of ‘rareru’ as ‘receiving’ an action. For Group 1, remember the ‘a’ sound (kak-a-reru, yom-a-reru).
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