Master advanced Japanese grammar with our comprehensive JLPT N4 Grammar guides. Includes detailed explanations, native-level examples, and practice exercises to help you succeed in the JLPT N4 exam.
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning 「かい」 is an informal question particle used at the end of a sentence. 🎯 Primary Function To turn a statement into a question in a casual, often masculine, context. 📋 Grammar Structure Verb (plain form) + かい い-Adjective (plain form) + かい な-Adjective (stem/だ removed) + […]
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Expresses uncertainty, doubt, or gentle inquiry. 🎯 Primary Function Used to ask oneself or others (often rhetorically or softly) if something is true, probable, or if a course of action is appropriate. Often conveys a sense of wondering or thinking aloud. 📋 Grammar Structure Verb (Plain
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning “whether or not” 🎯 Primary Function To express uncertainty about something or to embed a yes/no question within a larger sentence. 📋 Grammar Structure [Verb (plain form)] + かどうか [い-adjective (plain form)] + かどうか [な-adjective (plain form, dropping だ)] + かどうか [Noun (plain form, dropping だ)]
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning “Isn’t it?”, “Right?”, “See?”, “Don’t you think?” 🎯 Primary Function To seek or confirm agreement, express mild assertion, or convey realization/discovery. 📋 Grammar Structure [Verb Plain Form] + じゃないか [い-adjective Plain Form] + じゃないか [な-adjective Plain Form (remove だ)] + じゃないか [Noun (remove だ)] + じゃないか
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning いたします (itashimasu) is the humble form of the verb する (suru), which means “to do”. 🎯 Primary Function Its primary function is to express the speaker’s own actions in a humble manner towards a listener or recipient, showing respect to them. 📋 Grammar Structure Noun/Phrase +
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning An honorific verb used to show respect towards the subject of the sentence. It serves as the honorific equivalent of いる (to be/exist), 来る (to come), and 行く (to go). 🎯 Primary Function To elevate the status or show respect to the person performing the action
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Expressing the speaker’s will or intention to do something, or making a suggestion/invitation to the listener. 🎯 Primary Function To indicate personal resolution (“I will…”) or to propose an action to someone else (“Let’s…”, “Shall we…?”). 📋 Grammar Structure Verb (plain form) -> Volitional Form (意向形)
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning To need, to be necessary, must. 🎯 Primary Function To express that something is required or necessary, often based on rules, logic, or a specific goal. 📋 Grammar Structure Verb Plain Form + 必要がある (ひつようがある) Noun + が必要がある (ひつようがある) – Less common than Noun + が必要だ/です
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning cannot be, it’s impossible that, there’s no way that 🎯 Primary Function To express strong conviction or certainty that something is not true or will not happen, based on logical reasoning or evidence. 📋 Grammar Structure [Verb (plain form)] + はずがない [い-adjective (plain form)] + はずがない
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Expresses an expectation or strong probability based on some reason or evidence. 🎯 Primary Function To indicate that something is expected to be true, expected to happen, or logically should be the case. 📋 Grammar Structure Verb [plain form] + はずだ い-adjective [plain form] + はずだ
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning To begin doing something; to start an action. 🎯 Primary Function Indicates the initiation or commencement of an action described by the preceding verb. 📋 Grammar Structure Verb ます-stem + 始める (hajimeru) 🎭 Usage Contexts 🏢 Formal Situations Can be used in moderately formal contexts, though
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning A very polite way to say “is,” “are,” “exist,” or “have.” 🎯 Primary Function To elevate the level of politeness significantly beyond the standard ます/です form, typically used in highly formal or business contexts. 📋 Grammar Structure Noun + でございます\nい-Adjective stem + く + ございます\ な-Adjective
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Indicates that a third person (someone other than the speaker) shows signs of having a certain feeling, desire, or state. 🎯 Primary Function To describe the apparent feelings, desires, or states of others based on observation or common tendency, rather than stating a known fact about
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Expresses a tendency or characteristic trait of a person. 🎯 Primary Function To describe that someone frequently feels or acts in a certain way (often something they are sensitive about or prone to). 📋 Grammar Structure [い-adjective stem] + がり [Noun] + がり (Less common at
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning To sense, to perceive through the senses (smell, sound, taste, feel, etc.). 🎯 Primary Function Indicates that the subject involuntarily perceives a sensation. It describes what is felt or perceived rather than the act of actively using a sense organ. 📋 Grammar Structure Noun + が
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Necessary, needed, required 🎯 Primary Function To indicate that a specific noun is required or essential. 📋 Grammar Structure [Noun] + が + 必要 (です / だ / なんです など) 🎭 Usage Contexts 🏢 Formal Situations Frequently used in formal settings, business, or official contexts, often
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning Used to confirm something, express a realization, or add mild emphasis, often seeking agreement. 🎯 Primary Function To call attention to a fact or situation, implying it should be obvious or has just been realized, and often inviting agreement. 📋 Grammar Structure Plain form (Verb, い-Adj,
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning でも (demo) is a versatile word in Japanese that can function as a conjunction meaning “but” or “however,” or as a particle meaning “even” or indicating a casual suggestion. 🎯 Primary Function To connect contrasting ideas (as a conjunction), or to emphasize an extreme or inclusive
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning A very polite or humble equivalent of です (desu). 🎯 Primary Function To express states, attributes, or existence with a high level of politeness or humility towards the listener, often in formal or business contexts. 📋 Grammar Structure Noun + でございます Na-adjective stem + でございます (Less
Japanese Grammar Template Meaning & Usage ✨ Basic Meaning 出す (だす) as a standalone verb means “to take out,” “to put out,” “to send,” etc. However, when used as a suffix after the stem of another verb (Verb Stem + 出す), it becomes a grammar pattern meaning “to suddenly start doing something” or “to burst
