Japanese Grammar: わざと (Wazato) – Doing Things on Purpose

Japanese Grammar: わざと (Wazato) – Doing Things on Purpose
Meaning & Usage

✨ Basic Meaning

On purpose / Deliberately / Intentionally

🎯 Primary Function

An adverb used to indicate that an action was performed with deliberate intent.

📋 Grammar Structure

わざと + Verb
Not applicable (usually modifies verbs).
Not applicable.
わざと + [Verb in negative form] (Intentionally not doing something) / わざとではない (Not on purpose)

🎭 Usage Contexts

🏢 Formal Situations

Used in business or formal settings to clarify intent or explain errors, though ‘koi ni’ (故意に) is more formal.

😊 Informal Situations

Extremely common in daily life when talking about tricks, mistakes, or interactions with friends.

✍️ Written Language

Used in stories, novels, and casual emails. In very formal documents, ‘koi ni’ (故意に) is preferred.

🗣️ Spoken Language

Very frequent; often used with the negative ‘ja nai’ to deny intent.

💡 Common Applications

Expressing intentional actions
Used when someone does something with a clear intent, rather than by accident.
Example: わざと負ける (To lose on purpose)
Apologizing/Clarifying intent
Commonly used to clarify that a mistake or accident was not intentional.
Example: わざとじゃありません (It wasn’t on purpose)
Describing forced behavior
When the adverb is turned into an adjective (wazatorashii), it describes something that feels fake or forced.
Example: わざとらしい態度 (An unnatural/forced attitude)
📊
Frequency
High in daily conversation and storytelling.
🎚️
Difficulty
JLPT N3
Example Sentences
Example #1
彼はわざと試合に負けた。
Furigana: かれ(彼)はわざと試合(しあい)に負(ま)けた。
Romaji: Kare wa wazato shiai ni maketa.
English: He lost the game on purpose.
Example #2
彼女はわざと私のメッセージを無視した。
Furigana: 彼女(かのじょ)はわざと私(わたし)のメッセージを無視(むし)した。
Romaji: Kanojo wa wazato watashi no messēji o mushi shita.
English: She ignored my message on purpose.
Example #3
わざと間違えた。
Furigana: わざと間違(まちが)えた。
Romaji: Wazato machigaeta.
English: I made a mistake on purpose.
Example #4
弟はわざと私を怒らせた。
Furigana: 弟(おとうと)はわざと私(わたし)を怒(おこ)らせた。
Romaji: Otōto wa wazato watashi o okoraseta.
English: My younger brother made me angry on purpose.
Example #5
それはわざとやったんですか?
Furigana: それはわざとやったんですか?
Romaji: Sore wa wazato yatta n desu ka?
English: Did you do that on purpose?
Example #6
傘をわざと忘れてきた。
Furigana: 傘(かさ)をわざと忘(わす)れてきた。
Romaji: Kasa o wazato wasurete kita.
English: I left my umbrella behind on purpose.
Example #7
彼はわざと難しい言葉を使う。
Furigana: 彼(かれ)はわざと難(むずか)しい言葉(ことば)を使(つか)う。
Romaji: Kare wa wazato muzukashii kotoba o tsukau.
English: He deliberately uses difficult words.
Example #8
驚かせるために、わざと静かに歩いた。
Furigana: 驚(おどろ)かせるために、わざと静(しず)かに歩(ある)いた。
Romaji: Odorakaseru tame ni, wazato shizuka ni aruita.
English: I walked quietly on purpose to surprise them.
Example #9
料理が下手なふりをわざとした。
Furigana: 料理(りょうり)が下手(へた)なふりをわざとした。
Romaji: Ryōri ga heta na furi o wazato shita.
English: I pretended to be bad at cooking on purpose.
Example #10
すみません、わざとじゃないんです。
Furigana: すみません、わざとじゃないんです。
Romaji: Sumimasen, wazato janai n desu.
English: I’m sorry, I didn’t do it on purpose. (It wasn’t intentional.)
Notes & Nuances

📌 Important Points

Negative or Mischievous Nuance
‘Wazato’ often carries a slightly negative or mischievous nuance, such as doing something unnecessary or tricking someone.
Example: わざと負けた。 (I lost on purpose.)
Negative Usage for Accidents
In the negative form, it is the standard way to say something was an accident.
Example: すみません、わざとではありません。 (Sorry, it wasn’t intentional.)

⚠️ Common Mistakes

❌ わざと来てくれてありがとう。 (Wazato kite kurete arigatou.)
✅ わざわざ来てくれてありがとう。 (Wazawaza kite kurete arigatou.)
‘Wazato’ means ‘on purpose’ (often negative). ‘Waza-waza’ means ‘to go out of one’s way to do something’ (positive/polite).

🏛️ Cultural Context

Politeness Level: Neutral. Appropriate for all politeness levels.
Social Situations: Used frequently when explaining accidents or identifying someone’s hidden intentions.
Regional Variations: Standard Japanese; understood nationwide.

🔍 Subtle Differences

わざと (Wazato) vs. わざわざ (Waza-waza)
‘Wazato’ is ‘intentionally/on purpose’. ‘Waza-waza’ is ‘to go through the trouble of’.
When to use: Use ‘Wazato’ for intentional acts (often bad). Use ‘Waza-waza’ when someone does something special for you.
わざと (Wazato) vs. 故意に (Koi ni)
‘Koi ni’ is a formal, legalistic term for ‘intentionally’. ‘Wazato’ is the everyday conversational term.
When to use: Use ‘Koi ni’ in legal contexts or formal reports. Use ‘Wazato’ in daily conversation.

📝 Conjugation Notes

‘Wazato’ is an adverb and does not conjugate. However, it can be turned into the adjective ‘wazatorashii’ (わざとらしい) to mean ‘unnatural’ or ‘transparently fake’.

🔊 Pronunciation Tips

Keep the ‘to’ short. Avoid stretching the vowels.

🧠 Memory Tips

Think of ‘Wazato’ as ‘What’s that? Oh, you did it on purpose!’ The ‘Waza’ part also appears in ‘Waza-waza’ (going out of one’s way), but remember ‘Wazato’ usually feels more like a ‘tactic’ or ‘trick’ (Negative/Intentional).

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