Posted inN2 Grammar

抜きにして / 抜きで: Mastering “Without” or “Excluding” in Japanese (JLPT N2 Grammar)

Posted inN2 Grammar
Japanese Grammar Template
Meaning & Usage

✨ Basic Meaning

This grammar pattern means “without,” “excluding,” or “leaving aside.” It indicates that a certain element, condition, or person is omitted, removed, or not included when performing an action or making a judgment.

🎯 Primary Function

To express the absence or deliberate exclusion of a specific item, condition, or individual from a situation, discussion, or action.

📋 Grammar Structure

Noun + を + 抜きにして / 抜きで Noun + 抜きにして / 抜きで (「を」 can sometimes be omitted in informal contexts, especially with 「抜きで」, or when the noun directly functions adverbially.)

🎭 Usage Contexts

🏢 Formal Situations

Both can be used in formal contexts. 「抜きにして」 often conveys a slightly more deliberate or formal act of setting something aside for discussion or action.

😊 Informal Situations

Both are used casually. 「抜きで」 might feel slightly more common in everyday descriptive speech.

✍️ Written Language

Commonly found in both formal and informal written materials, including articles, reports, and narratives.

🗣️ Spoken Language

Frequently used in various spoken contexts, from daily conversations to business meetings.

💡 Common Applications

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Example Sentences
冗談を抜きにして、真剣に考えましょう。
Let’s stop joking and think seriously (leaving jokes aside).
彼は許可を抜きで、勝手に会社を辞めた。
He quit the company without permission on his own.
彼の協力を抜きにしては、このプロジェクトは成功しないだろう。
This project will probably not succeed without his cooperation.
Notes & Nuances

📌 Important Points

「抜きにして」 implies deliberate exclusion.
This form suggests an intentional act of putting something aside, usually for the purpose of focused discussion or action. It sets a condition or scope.
Example: 感情を抜きにして議論する。 (Kanjō o nuki ni shite giron suru.) – To discuss, setting emotions aside.
「抜きで」 describes the state of absence or the manner of an action.
This form more directly states that something is done without the presence or involvement of a specified item/person. It often describes a condition.
Example: お金抜きで生活する。 (Okane nuki de seikatsu suru.) – To live without money.

⚠️ Common Mistakes

❌ Confusing with 「なしで」 or 「を除いて」.
✅ While similar, 「抜きにして/抜きで」 often emphasizes the removal of something directly from a process, consideration, or group, rather than just its absence or an exception.
「なしで」 is a general “without.” 「を除いて」 means “excluding/except for” from a list. 「抜きにして/抜きで」 signifies omission from a core action or consideration.
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🏛️ Cultural Context

Politeness Level: Neutral to slightly formal depending on the context and surrounding sentence structure. Both can be used in polite and casual speech.
Social Situations: Useful in business settings for setting terms or boundaries in discussions (e.g., 「個人的な意見は抜きにして」). Also common in daily life to describe situations of omission.
Regional Variations: Generally standard Japanese with no significant regional variations in usage or meaning.

🔍 Subtle Differences

「抜きにして」 vs. 「なしで」
「抜きにして」 implies a deliberate act of putting something aside or excluding it from consideration. 「なしで」 simply means “without X” and is more general.
When to use: Use 「抜きにして」 when you want to emphasize the active removal or setting aside of something. Use 「なしで」 for a simple statement of absence (e.g., “without an umbrella”).
「抜きにして」 vs. 「を除いて」
「抜きにして」 typically means “without X (and proceeding with the action).” 「を除いて」 means “excluding X (from a group or list).”
When to use: Use 「抜きにして」 when something is actively omitted from the main process or consideration. Use 「を除いて」 when identifying an exception from a larger set.
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📝 Conjugation Notes

This pattern primarily attaches to nouns. 「抜きにして」 uses the te-form of the verb 抜く (ぬく), implying an action of “pulling out/omitting.” 「抜きで」 uses the noun form 「抜き」 followed by the particle 「で」 to indicate means or state.

🔊 Pronunciation Tips

The “ぬき” (nuki) part is pronounced clearly, followed by the particle “に” and verb “して,” or just the particle “で.” No particular difficult sounds.

🧠 Memory Tips

Think of 抜く (ぬく), meaning “to pull out” or “to omit.” So, you are “pulling X out” or “omitting X” from the situation or discussion.

Vocabulary List
冗談
jōdan
joke
真剣
shinken
serious, earnest
許可
kyoka
permission
勝手
katte
on one’s own, selfishly, arbitrarily
会社
kaisha
company
辞める
yameru
to quit, to resign
プロジェクト
project
Kanji List
冗
ジョウ
superfluous, useless
談
ダン
talk, chat
真
シン
true, reality
剣
ケン
sword, blade
許
キョ
permit, approve
可
カ
can, passable
勝
ショウ、かつ
win, victory
手
シュ、て
hand
会
カイ、あ
meeting, meet
社
シャ
company, shrine
辞
ジ、や
resign, word
Practice Exercises
この会議は、社長（　　）進められました。 (This meeting proceeded without the president.)
a) を抜きにして
b) 抜きで
c) に抜いて
d) と抜いて
冗談（　　）、本題に入りましょう。 (Let’s set jokes aside and get to the main topic.)
a) を抜きで
b) を抜きに
c) に抜いて
d) と抜いて
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